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Thursday, October 3, 2019

Temperance and the Intemperate - Considering Nicomachean Ethics


...as the child should live according to the direction of his tutor, so the appetitive element should live according to rational principle. Hence the appetitive element in a temperate man should harmonize with the rational principle; for the noble is the mark at which both aim, and the temperate man craves for the things he ought, as he ought, and when he ought; and this is what rational principle directs.
- The Nicomachean Ethics of Aristotle, translated by Sir David Ross
The ‘rational principle’ is the parent of the adult, mature person. If you do not let yourself be ruled by reason, you cannot yet be considered mature, or adult. Ideally, the child grows up to become self-ruled; to cast off the just bands of his parents, so to speak.


Until you submit to reason ('the rational principle'), you cannot be trusted; nothing will contain you but other men and authorities, or you will only appear to be contained by the fact that you are lazy and unambitious.


Of course it is not right that people should assume a person is not mature if they happen to disagree. But it is perfectly natural that a person who cannot govern himself should find out that nobody will depend on him- one would hope that would be the natural consequence, and that he would mind it, but often people don't. To find himself abandoned by people of good self-government and reason is not surprising. One should always be curious why one is being ignored; perhaps it is because one is immature.


However, so also the others may ignore you because they are not mature and find your self-government a hindrance to license- indeed ‘intemperate’ people do find mature people an irritating chastisement simply by the mature people being- mature people seem usually to do everything so differently from childish people. In being temperate, temperate people are a living accusation of all who are not like them, and thus are often disliked.

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